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Show the full answer key and reasoning (12 questions)
Question 1 of 12BCA: Interpretation and Key Definitions

A property owner erects a detached garden shed with walls, a roof and a floor that occupies 9 m2 of area. The shed contains no plumbing of any kind and is not a structure designated in the building code. Under the definition of "building" in the Building Code Act, 1992, is the shed a "building"?

  1. Yes. Any structure consisting of a wall, a roof and a floor is a building, whatever area it occupies.
  2. No. A structure occupying 10 m2 or less is a building only if it contains plumbing or is designated in the building code.
  3. Yes. All detached accessory structures are designated in the building code, so the shed is a building regardless of its size.
  4. No. Sheds are a class of structure that the Act exempts in all cases, whatever their area or plumbing.

Answer B. The s. 1(1) definition captures structures over 10 m2, structures of 10 m2 or less only when they contain plumbing, stand-alone plumbing, sewage systems, and structures designated in the building code; a 9 m2 plumbing-free, non-designated shed falls outside every branch. A ignores the 10 m2 area threshold that clause (a) builds in. C invents a designation; clause (d) requires an actual designation in the building code. D is wrong because the Act contains no blanket exemption for sheds; the shed escapes only because of its size and lack of plumbing.

BCA s. 1(1)
Question 2 of 12Div. A: Compliance and Referenced Documents (1.5)

While designing a building, a designer discovers that a standard referenced in Division B specifies a requirement that conflicts with a sentence of the Building Code itself. Under Division A, Article 1.5.1.2., how is the conflict resolved?

  1. The referenced standard governs because it is the more technically specific document.
  2. The provision of the Code governs over the provision of the referenced document.
  3. The more restrictive of the two provisions governs.
  4. Neither applies until the Building Code Commission rules on the conflict.

Answer B. Sentence 1.5.1.2.(1) states the rule directly: in a conflict between the Code and a referenced document, the Code's provisions govern. A inverts the hierarchy; specificity gives a referenced standard no priority. C imports a most-restrictive rule the Code does not use for this situation. D is wrong because the conflict rule is self-executing; the Building Code Commission resolves disputes about compliance, and no ruling is needed to apply 1.5.1.2.

2024 OBC Div. A, 1.5.1.2.(1)
Question 3 of 12BCA: Permits, Construction and Demolition

A complete permit application meeting all the requirements of Div. C, 1.3.1.3.(5) is submitted for a new two-storey single-detached house with no dwelling unit located above another. Within what period must the chief building official either issue the permit or refuse it with written reasons?

  1. 10 days
  2. 15 days
  3. 20 days
  4. 30 days

Answer A. Table 1.3.1.3. assigns a 10-day decision period to Item 1(a): a house (other than a retirement home) in which no dwelling unit sits above another. B fails because 15 days applies to the small-building classes in Item 2 (e.g., certain Div. A 1.3.3.3. buildings and farm buildings up to 600 m2). C fails because 20 days applies to larger buildings, farm buildings over 600 m2 and retirement homes. D fails because 30 days is reserved for Item 4: post-disaster buildings and buildings subject to Subsection 3.2.6. or Articles 3.2.8.3. to 3.2.8.8. of Div. B (high buildings and interconnected floor spaces).

2024 OBC Div. C, 1.3.1.3.(1)
Question 4 of 12BCA: Inspections and Orders (Not to Cover, Stop Work, Comply)

During the open-book exam you turn to the prescribed Stop Work Order form in Compendium Volume 2, issued pursuant to subsection 14(1) of the Act. Which prior orders does the form list as the unrectified contraventions on which the stop work order is based?

  1. An Order Requiring Tests and Samples and an Emergency Order
  2. An Order to Comply under s. 15.10.1(2) of the Act only
  3. An Order to Comply, an Order Not to Cover, and an Order to Uncover
  4. An Unsafe Building Order and a Property Standards Order

Answer C. The prescribed form requires the issuer to identify the order(s) not rectified, with checkboxes for an Order to Comply, an Order Not to Cover and an Order to Uncover, matching s. 14(1), which predicates a stop work order on non-compliance with an order under s. 12 or s. 13. A fails because an Order Requiring Tests and Samples issues under clause 18(1)(f) and is not a stop-work predicate on the form. B fails because the s. 15.10.1(2) Order to Comply is the separate maintenance-inspection form, not the s. 12(2) order the stop work form references. D fails because unsafe-building orders under s. 15.9 and municipal property standards orders are outside ss. 12-14 and do not appear on the form.

BCA s. 14(1)
Question 5 of 12BCA: Unsafe Buildings and Maintenance Inspection Programs

A chief building official issued an emergency order and immediately hired contractors to shore up a collapsing wall, spending $80,000. The order and the statement of measures and costs have now been served. What does the Act require next, and who decides whether the money is recoverable?

  1. The municipality may immediately register a lien on the land for the full amount that was spent, so that no further proceeding of any kind is needed.
  2. The CBO must apply to the Building Code Commission, which decides both the validity of the emergency order and how much of the money spent is recoverable.
  3. The CBO must apply to the Superior Court of Justice to confirm the order, and the court decides whether the amount spent is recoverable in whole, in part or not at all; that disposition is final.
  4. Municipal council must ratify the expenditure by resolution at a public meeting, and only after that may the municipality try to recover the money.

Answer C. Sections 15.10(7) to (9) require the CBO, as soon as practicable after service, to apply to the Superior Court of Justice for confirmation; the court must confirm, modify or rescind the order and determine how much of the expenditure is recoverable, and its disposition is final. A fails because the lien under s. 15.10(10) attaches only to the amount the judge determines recoverable. B fails because the confirmation forum is the court, not the BCC. D fails because the Act requires a court application, not a council resolution.

BCA s. 15.10(7)
Question 6 of 12BCA: Authorizations, Rulings, Offences and Penalties

A development corporation with no prior convictions under the Building Code Act, 1992 is convicted of constructing without a permit. What is the maximum fine the court may impose on the corporation?

  1. $500,000
  2. $100,000
  3. $1,500,000
  4. $50,000

Answer A. Section 36(4) caps a corporation's fine at $500,000 for a first offence, in place of the individual maximums in s. 36(3). $50,000 is the first-offence maximum for an individual and $100,000 is the individual subsequent-offence maximum under s. 36(3), while $1,500,000 applies to a corporation only for a subsequent offence.

BCA s. 36(4)
Question 7 of 122024 Code Delta: Structure, Adoption and Process Changes, 2024 change

Subsection 2.1.4. of Division B of the 2024 Building Code sorts every farm building by its major occupancy. Into the Divisions of which Group does it sort them?

  1. Group A
  2. Group G
  3. Group E
  4. Group F

Answer B. Sentence 2.1.4.1.(1) sends every farm building to Table 2.1.4.1., which carries four Divisions of Group G: high-hazard agricultural, agricultural not elsewhere classified in Group G, greenhouse agricultural, and agricultural with no human occupants. Group A is assembly, Group E is mercantile and Group F is industrial; classifying a barn as Group F industrial is the old-habit trap, since agricultural occupancies now have their own Group G classification.

2024 OBC Div. B, 2.1.4.1.(1) and Table 2.1.4.1.
Question 8 of 122024 Code Delta: Renumbering and Changed House Provisions, 2024 change

Reviewing a house design that includes a spiral stair, a plans examiner's 2012-era checklist points to Article 9.8.4.5A. Which article of the 2024 Code now contains the spiral stair requirements?

  1. 9.8.4.7.
  2. 9.8.4.5.
  3. 9.8.4.6.
  4. 9.8.4.10.

Answer A. The Key Changes bulletin records that former Article 9.8.4.5A., Spiral Stairs, was renumbered as Article 9.8.4.7., and the 2024 Compendium carries the spiral stair rules there. B is now the mixed-tread run uniformity article; C is Winders, itself renumbered from the old 9.8.4.5.; D is Interior Stairs Extending Through the Roof, the new home of the old 9.8.4.7., a trap for readers chasing one renumbering step too far.

2024 OBC Div. B, 9.8.4.7.
Question 9 of 122024 Code Delta: Renumbering and Changed House Provisions, 2024 change

Recalling common practice under the 2012 Code, a designer proposes open risers for a feature stair in the public area of a new two-storey Part 9 office building. How does the 2024 Code treat this proposal?

  1. It is prohibited: a new article bans open risers except in listed cases such as stairs that serve just one dwelling unit or a house containing a secondary suite, fire escapes, maintenance and service-room stairs, and certain industrial stairs
  2. It is acceptable, since open risers remain unrestricted in all Part 9 buildings, the 2024 Code having carried the 2012 treatment of riser openings forward without adding a limit
  3. It is acceptable provided each open riser is detailed so the opening will not pass a 100 mm sphere, which is the dimensional limit the Code sets for openings through a guard
  4. It is acceptable provided the stair is not part of a required exit, because the ban on open risers is written for stairs serving as exit facilities rather than for stairs generally

Answer A. New Article 9.8.4.9., added in the 2024 Code per the Key Changes bulletin, states that stairs shall have no open risers except in the cases listed in Sentence (2), and a public stair in an office building is not among them. B reflects the outdated assumption the new article was written to end; C misapplies the 100 mm sphere rule, which governs guard openings under 9.8.8.5., not risers; D is wrong because the prohibition attaches to stairs generally, not only required exit stairs.

2024 OBC Div. B, 9.8.4.9.
Question 10 of 12Part 9: Fire Protection (9.10 + SB-2/SB-3), 2024 change

A designer is legalizing a secondary suite in an existing two-storey house and does not want to rebuild the separating walls and floor assembly to achieve a fire-resistance rating. Under the 2024 Code, the walls and floor-ceiling framing between the two dwelling units may instead be protected by which of the following?

  1. A continuous smoke-tight barrier of at least 15.9 mm Type X gypsum board on both sides of the walls and on the underside of the floor-ceiling framing
  2. A single layer of 12.7 mm regular gypsum board applied to the secondary-suite side of the walls only, with the floor-ceiling framing left unprotected
  3. A continuous 6 mil polyethylene air barrier sealed at all joints and penetrations on both sides of the walls and on the underside of the floor-ceiling framing
  4. A continuous smoke-tight barrier of 12.7 mm Type X gypsum board on one side of the walls and on the top surface of the floor sheathing

Answer A. Sentence 9.10.9.16.(4), new in the 2024 Code, waives the fire-separation rating for a house with a secondary suite where a continuous smoke-tight membrane of Type X gypsum board at least 15.9 mm thick covers both faces of the separating walls and the underside of the floor-ceiling framing. B fails because regular board, a lesser thickness and one-sided coverage do not meet the provision. C fails because a polyethylene air barrier controls air leakage, not the prescribed smoke-tight gypsum protection. D fails because the board must be Type X at 15.9 mm, on both wall faces and on the underside (not top) of the floor framing.

2024 OBC Div. B, 9.10.9.16.(4)
Question 11 of 12Part 9: Fire Protection (9.10 + SB-2/SB-3)

The side wall of a detached house has a limiting distance of 2.5 m to the property line. Without using the glazed-opening table or the Part 3 method, what is the maximum aggregate area of glazed openings the designer can justify for that exposing building face?

  1. 2.5 m²
  2. 5.0 m²
  3. 6.25 m²
  4. Unlimited, because the limiting distance exceeds 1.2 m

Answer C. Clause 9.10.15.4.(1)(c) permits the glazed-opening area to simply equal the limiting distance squared where the limiting distance is at least 1.2 m: 2.5 × 2.5 = 6.25 m². A and B fail because they use the distance itself or double it rather than squaring it. D fails because exceeding 1.2 m only opens the squared-distance method; it does not remove the area limit.

2024 OBC Div. B, 9.10.15.4.(1)
Question 12 of 12Part 9: Masonry/ICF Walls and Wood-Frame Construction (9.20, 9.23, 9.24), 2024 change

In a three-storey wood-frame house, the exterior studs of the bottom storey carry the roof plus two floors. Using 38 mm x 89 mm studs, what is the maximum stud spacing permitted by the 2024 stud table?

  1. 300 mm o.c.
  2. 305 mm o.c.
  3. 400 mm o.c.
  4. 406 mm o.c.

Answer A. Table 9.23.10.1. permits 38 mm x 89 mm exterior studs supporting a roof plus 2 floors at a maximum spacing of 300 mm o.c. (maximum unsupported height 3.0 m). Options B and D are the old 2012-code imperial-derived spacings (305/406 mm) that the 2024 code harmonized to 300/400 mm; option C is the spacing the table allows only for the larger 64 mm x 89 mm or 38 mm x 140 mm studs under this load condition.

2024 OBC Div. B, 9.23.10.1.(1)

Which exams do you actually need?

These 12 questions mix Legal and House, but your registration category is what decides the ones you sit. Work through the guide and you'll have your own list with a total on it.

Which exams should you buy?

Every path below comes from our exam selection guide, which reads the Ministry's published list of 16 examinations. Two or more exams are $99 each, whichever ones you pick.

More than one row can be yours at once. Somebody who designs houses and small buildings takes both scale rows; somebody who designs buildings and inspects sewage systems takes both of those. Add the rows that fit you together, and count an exam named twice only once.

What you do, one row or several

What you doStart withAlso worth a look
I design buildingsGeneral Legal/Process 2024, 209 verified questions, $149 on its ownDesigner Legal/Process 2024, 216 verified questions, $129 on its own
I am a building official or inspectorGeneral Legal/Process 2024, 209 verified questions, $149 on its ownPowers and Duties of a CBO 2024, 179 verified questions, $109 on its own
I install or inspect on-site sewage systemsGeneral Legal/Process 2024, 209 verified questions, $149 on its own
On-site Sewage Systems 2024, 175 verified questions, $129 on its own
Nothing else the guide names
I work for a registered code agencyGeneral Legal/Process 2024, 209 verified questions, $149 on its ownRCA Powers/Duties. On the Ministry's list of 16 examinations. We have not built a bank for it.

Then every scale of work you take on

Work at more than one of these scales and each one carries its own examination. Which of them your registration category actually names is settled in QuARTS, not here.

ScaleAdds
Houses onlyHouse 2024, 170 verified questions, $129 on its own
Small buildingsSmall Buildings 2024, 228 verified questions, $129 on its own
Large buildingsLarge Buildings 2024, 200 verified questions, $109 on its own
Complex buildingsComplex Buildings 2024, 236 verified questions, $109 on its own
I am not sure yetNothing extra from this answer

Then every discipline that applies

DisciplineAdds
StructuralBuilding Structural 2024, 228 verified questions, $129 on its own
Building servicesBuilding Services 2024, 212 verified questions, $129 on its own
HVACHVAC, House 2024, 192 verified questions, $129 on its own
PlumbingHouses only: Plumbing, House 2024, 182 verified questions, $109 on its own
Any other scale: Plumbing, All Buildings 2024, 184 verified questions, $129 on its own
More than one of those at once: Plumbing, All Buildings 2024, 184 verified questions, $129 on its own
Fire protectionFire Protection 2024, 337 verified questions, $109 on its own
Detection, lighting and powerDetection, Lighting and Power 2024, 321 verified questions, $109 on its own
On-site sewage systemsOn-site Sewage Systems 2024, 175 verified questions, $129 on its own

Worth knowing before you book

  • The Ministry's syllabus hub lists both General Legal/Process and Designer Legal/Process and does not say which streams each one applies to. We start the list with General Legal/Process and leave the other one a click away. Confirm which one your category needs before you book.
  • The guide says officials also write technical exams matching what they review and inspect, and that the mix depends on the role and the municipality. Confirm it with your employer and against Ministry guidance.
  • Registered code agencies have their own examination on the Ministry's list, RCA Powers/Duties. We have not built a bank for it, so there is nothing here to buy for it.
  • HVAC (House) is the only HVAC examination on the Ministry's list of 16.
  • The list carries Plumbing (House) and Plumbing (All Buildings). The guide reads the naming as the scoping: House variants for house scale work, the broader variants for all buildings.
  • Take on house scale work and something larger, and the list carries Plumbing (All Buildings) on its own rather than both plumbing exams. The guide scopes the broader variant to all buildings, which takes in house scale work, so the narrower one would be a second sitting for ground the first already covers.
  • Which building scale exam your category requires depends on the scope of buildings you work on. At the price of a sitting, writing the wrong scale is an expensive detour.
  • Scale is what decides your building exam, so until you know yours there is no building exam to put on the list. The free syllabi are the best public description of each exam's territory.

A starting point, not a determination. The categories you are required to hold sit on your registration in QuARTS, and no chooser on a sales page can tell you what they are. Use this list to see what things cost, then confirm your categories in QuARTS, or against Ministry guidance, before you book a sitting. Read our guide to which BCIN exams you need.

Prices above are for one exam on its own. Pick two or more and every one of them is $99. Changed your mind? Email us within See all exams.

General Legal$149